Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A) is a new method of non-invasive examination, which allows visualizing the entire retinal and choroidal vasculature thanks to a novel technique of conventional OCT imaging analysis. This diagnostic approach is rapidly spreading among the largest part of the ophthalmologists. It consists of a new step forward on OCT technology, which will allow each clinician to easily have a snapshot of the vessels and the retinal capillaries and / or choroidal vasculature. This imaging modality is coupled with the traditional OCT images, which can highlight lesions of outer retinal layers and fluid accumulations. In this way both functional and morphological information are obtained with a single examination. OCT-A is a new «instant imaging» : since it is easy, quick and non-invasive, it seems very promising for all retinal and choroidal vascular diseases. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of visual impairment in working-age adults worldwide.Early detection of DR is crucial for prevention of vision loss. Among the retinal changes, such as microaneurysms, intraretinal hemorrhages, hard exudates, macular ischemia is a striking feature leading to decreased perifoveal capillary blood flow and, in turn, causing chronic ischemia of the retinal tissue. Macular ischemia is now considered an important predictor of poor functional outcome in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The OCT-Angiography (OCT-A) allows a clear, depth-resolved visualization of the retinal and choroidal microvasculature. OCT-A is based on the concept that in a static eye, the only moving structures in the eye-fundus are blood cells, flowing in the vessels. OCT-A does not require administration of intravenous dye as fluorescein or indocyanine green, avoiding, in this way, potential risks which can result in rare adverse events. In this Atlas, we aimed to show the contribution of OCT-A in detecting, grading the severity and orienting the treatment decision in case of Diabetic Maculopathy